World Rabies Day : जानिए कैसे फैलता है रेबीज वायरस? जानें इसके लक्षण और उपचार

 

हर साल 28 सितंबर को विश्‍व रेबीज दिवस मनाया जाता है। इस दिवस को मनाने का उद्देश्‍य है रेबीज की रोकथाम के लिए लोगों को जागरूक करना। रेबीज वायरस है जो कुत्‍तों के काटने से होता है सही समय पर उपचार नहीं मिलने से कई सारे साइड इफेक्‍ट्स सामने आते हैं। इसलिए कुत्‍तों के काटने पर जल्‍द से जल्‍द डॉक्‍टर से इलाज कराने की जरूरत होती है। डब्‍ल्‍यूएचओ के मुताबिक हर साल रेबीज से करीब 20 हजार लोगों की मौतें होती हैं। आइए जानते हैं इस दिन का महत्‍व, इतिहास और थीम क्‍या है।

विश्‍व रेबीज डे - इतिहास

विश्‍व रेबीज डे सबसे पहले 28 सितंबर 2007 में मनाया गया था। विश्‍व स्‍वास्‍थ्‍य संगठन के साथ मिलकर एलायंस फॉर रेबीज कंट्रोल और सेंटर फॉर डिजीज कंट्रोल एंड प्रिवेंशन के बीच हुआ था। साल 2020 में 'एंड रेबीज कोलाबरेट, टीकाकरण' थीम थी। यह लुई पाश्‍चर की म़त्‍यू, फ्रांसीसी रसानयज्ञ और सूक्ष्‍म जीव विज्ञानी की म़त्‍यू की वर्षगांठ को रेखांकित करता है। जिन्‍होंने पहली बार वैक्‍सीन बनाई थी।

आज के दिन मेडिकल क्षेत्र में इसका विशेष महत्‍व है। इसका उद्देश्‍य वर्ष 2030 तक इस बीमारी को खत्‍म करने का है। दुनिया भर के स्‍वास्‍थ्‍य संगठन इस दिन को रेबीज के टीकाकरण शिविरों पर ध्‍यान केंद्रित करने और बीमारी को रोकने के लिए लोगों से भी ध्‍यान केंद्रित करने के लिए जागरूक किया जाता है। इस दिन को अलग-अलग तरह से सेलिब्रेट किया जाता है खासकर मेडिकल क्षेत्र में।

विश्‍व रेबीज दिवस 2021 थीम

विश्‍व रेबीज दिवस की हर साल अलग-अलग थीम होती है। इस वर्ष की थीम 'रेबीजः त‍थ्‍य, डर नहीं'। इस थीम का मतलब है लोगों के मन से डर को खत्‍म करना और तथ्‍यों से रूबरू कराना।

रेबीज के लक्षण

श्‍वान के काटने के 4 से 12 सप्‍ताह बाद लक्षण दिखते हैं। शुरूआत में बुखार के तौर पर सबसे पहला लक्षण नजर आता है। इसके बाद काटे हुआ स्‍थान पर दर्द और झुनझुनी महसूस होती है। साथ ही चिंता, अति सक्रियता, भ्रम हो जाना, अनिद्रा जैसे लक्षण नजर आते हैं। संक्रमित होने पर दो प्रकार के वायरस होते हैं जिसमें से एक होता है।

1. उग्र रेबीज - यह वायरस पाए जाने पर इंसान अति सक्रिय हो जाता है। अनियमित व्‍यवहार, डर, चिंता, नींद नहीं आना, मतिभ्रम, पानी का डर जैसे लक्षण दिखने लगते हैं। इतना ही नहीं श्‍वास में गड़बड़ी हो जाती है, जिससे मृत्यु का डर भी रहता है।

2.पैरालिटिक रेबीज - इसमें लक्षण एकदम तेजी से नहीं दिखते हैं लेकिन गंभीर होता है। व्‍यक्ति कोमा में भी जा सकता है। संक्रमित स्‍थानों पर लकवा होने की संभावना भी रहती है। और धीरे - धीरे शरीर में फैलने लगता है। कोमा से बाहर नहीं आने पर इंसान की मृत्यु भी हो सकती है।

Source:https://hindi.webdunia.com/general-knowledge/world-rabies-day-2021-121092800029_1.html

विश्व रेबीज दिवस

 विश्व रेबीज दिवस

विश्व रेबीज दिवस

 

विश्व रेबीज दिवस रेबीज की रोकथाम के बारे में जागरूकता बढ़ाने के लिए प्रतिवर्ष 28 सितंबर को मनाया जाता है। यह दिवस फ्रांस के प्रसिद्ध रसायनज्ञ और सूक्ष्मजीवविज्ञानी लुई पाश्चर की पूण्यतिथि के अवसर पर 28 सितंबर मनाया जाता है, जिन्होंने पहला रेबीज टीका विकसित विकसित किया था तथा रेबीज रोकथाम की नींव रखी।  यह समुदायों, व्यक्तियों, गैर सरकारी संगठनों और सरकारों को एकीकृत करने तथा अपने कार्यों को सांझा करने का अवसर है।

 

प्रतिवर्ष विश्व रेबीज दिवस के लिए अलग विषय चयन किया जाता है। विश्व रेबीज दिवस वर्ष 2018 का विषय “रेबीज की जानकारी साझा करें: जीवन बचाएं” है। यह विषय रेबीज रोकने के लिए शिक्षा और जागरूकता के महत्व पर प्रकाश डालता है`। कोई भी व्यक्ति अलग-अलग स्तरों पर रेबीज़ की जानकारी सांझा कर सकता है जैसे कि नीति-स्तर पर "वर्ष 2030 तक रेबीज से शून्य मानव मृत्यु" का लक्ष्य प्राप्त करना है तथा समुदायिक स्तर पर जानकारी जैसे कि घावों का उपचार, (कुत्ते के काटने के मामले में घाव और पोस्ट एक्सपोजर टीकाकरण देखभाल) और स्कूली बच्चों के लिए कुत्ते के काटने से बचाव की शिक्षा देकर रेबीज़ से बचाव किया जा सकता है। 

 

रेबीज क्या है? 

 

रेबीज एक विषाणु जनित रोग है। जब तक इसके लक्षण शुरू होते हैं, तब तक यह हमेशा घातक होता है, लेकिन यह पूरी तरह से रोकथाम योग्य है। इसके बावजूद विश्व में अफ्रीका और एशिया के ग्रामीण इलाकों में रहने वाले नब्बे प्रतिशत बच्चों की मृत्यु के साथ हर वर्ष रेबीज से अनुमानित 59000 लोगों की मृत्यु हो जाती हैं।

 

भारत में रेबीज एक बड़ी सार्वजनिक स्वास्थ्य समस्या है, जिससे प्रतिवर्ष अनुमानित 20,000 लोगों की मृत्यु हो जाती है। यह अंडमान और निकोबार तथा लक्षद्वीप को छोड़कर सारे देश में स्थानिक है।

 

यह जानवरों से मनुष्यों में फैलता है तथा मनुष्यों के लगभग निन्यानबे प्रतिशत मामलों में कारण कुत्ते का काटना होता है। मनुष्य के शरीर में रेबीज़ का वायरस, रेबीज़ से पीड़ित जानवर के काटने, उससे होने वाले घाव और खरोंच एवं लार से प्रवेश करता है। कुत्ते के काटने के बाद रेबीज के लक्षण एक से तीन महीने में दिखाई देते हैं।

 

बच्चे (पांच से पंद्रह वर्ष की आयु के बीच के बच्चे) अपने चंचल स्वभाव के कारण कुत्ते के काटने और रेबीज़ के प्रति अतिसंवेदनशील होते हैं, क्योंकि वे प्राय: कुत्ते के काटने और रोग के बारे में जागरूकता के बिना कुत्तों के साथ खेलते हैं। बच्चे प्राय: डांट के डर से बचने के लिए माता-पिता से कुत्ते के काटने/घावों को छुपाते हैं। कभी-कभी बच्चा कुत्तों के हमला किए जाने पर काटने/खरोंच से अवगत नहीं होता है तथा माता-पिता अक्सर हमले को अनदेखा करते हैं या गर्म मिर्च या हल्दी जैसे घरेलू उत्पादों लगाकर घाव का उपचार करते हैं।

 

रेबीज की रोकथाम-

 

स्वास्थ्य एवं परिवार कल्याण मंत्रालय, भारत सरकार ने रेबीज के कारण मनुष्य मृत्यु से बचाव और रेबीज (कुत्ते) नियंत्रण के माध्यम से रेबीज के संचारण को रोकने के उद्देश्य से राष्ट्रीय रेबीज नियंत्रण कार्यक्रम" को लागू किया है*।

 

कार्यक्रम के अनुसार रेबीज, कुत्ते के काटने के तुरंत बाद चिकित्सीय देखभाल की आवश्यकता के महत्व और विभिन्न निवारक उपायों के बारे में जन जागरूकता उत्पन्न की जानी चाहिए। लोगों को निम्नलिखित तथ्यों के बारे में शिक्षित किया जाना चाहिए-

 

• कुत्ते के काटने से बचने के लिए लोगों विशेषकर बच्चों को कुत्ते के व्यवहार और उसकी शारीरिक भाषा (जैसे कि क्रोध, संदिग्धता, मित्रता) के बारे में शिक्षित करें।
• रेबीज की रोकथाम के लिए कुत्ते के काटने पर पोस्ट एक्सपोजर टीकाकरण (काटने के बाद टीकाकरण) लें।

 

यदि कुत्ता काटता है→साबुन और पानी से दस मिनट तक धोएं→ स्वास्थ्य केंद्र जाएं→ काटने के उपचार के लिए (घाव की देखभाल + प्रोफिलैक्सिस अर्थात् पीईपी- काटने के बाद) टीकाकरण लें।

 

• कुत्तों के टीकाकरण से रेबीज रोकें।
• उच्च ज़ोखिम वाले समूहों जैसे कि वायरस और संक्रमित सामग्री संभालने वाले प्रयोगशाला कर्मचारियों, मनुष्यों में रेबीज के मामलों को संभालने वाले चिकित्सकों और व्यक्तियों, पशु चिकित्सकों, पशु संभालने और पकड़ने वाले व्यक्तियों, वन्यजीव वार्डन को प्री एक्सपोजर टीकाकरण (पूर्व-ज़ोखिम टीकाकरण) लेने की सलाह दी जाती है।

 

क्या न करें-

 

• हाथ से घाव छूना।
• कटे घाव पर मिट्टी, मिर्च, तेल, जड़ी-बूटियां, चाक, पान की पत्तियों जैसे उत्तेजक पदार्थ लगाना।

 

संदेश:

• अपने कुत्ते का टीकाकरण कराएं। रेबीज के खिलाफ़ कुत्तों के टीकाकरण से आप अपनी एवं अपने परिवार की सुरक्षा भी कर सकते हैं।
• कुत्ते के काटने से बचें: कुत्ते की शारीरिक भाषा को पढ़ना सीखें, उन्हें तंग न करें या उन पर हमला न करें।
• बच्चों को सिखाएं कि यदि कोई जानवर उन्हें कटता या खरोंच मारता है, तो वे ये बात उन्हें (अभिभावक/माता-पिता को) बताएं। ऐसा करने के लिए बच्चे को प्रोत्साहित करें।
• घाव को तुरंत दस मिनट तक धोएं और टीकाकरण के बारे में अपने चिकित्सक से परामर्श करें।
• कुत्ते के कटाने से बचाव: रेबीज़ से सुरक्षा।

 

रेबीज़ के बारे में अधिक जानकारी जानें-

 

कुत्ते के काटने से बचने के लिए पांच सुझाव

 

पालतू की देखभाल और काटने से बचाव के लिए मार्गदर्शन

 

रेबीज से रोकथाम

 

रेबीज प्रोफिलैक्सिस के लिए राष्ट्रीय दिशानिर्देश

 

विश्व रेबीज दिवस, 2017

 

संदर्भ:

 

www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs099/en/

 

/www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/92/4/14-136044/en/

 

*dghs.gov.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/file/National%

 

/www.who.int/neglected_diseases/WRD2015.pdf?ua=1

 

rabiesalliance.org/world-rabies-day 

 Source:https://www.nhp.gov.in/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5-%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C-%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B8_pg

World Rabies Day: क्यों मनाया जाता है वर्ल्ड रेबीज डे, क्या है इस बार की थीम

 World rabies day: जानें वैश्विक संस्थाओं को क्यों जरूरत महसूस हुई विश्व रेबीज दिवस मनाने की और क्या है इसका इतिहास.

विश्वभर में हर साल 28 सितंबर को वर्ल्ड रेबीज डे मनाया जाता है. हर खास दिन की तरह इस दिन को मनाने के पीछे का उद्देश्य भी रेबीज बीमारी के प्रति जागरुकता फैलाना है. इस दिन को चुनने के पीछे वजह यह है कि इस दिन विख्यात फ्रेंच केमिस्ट और माइक्रोबायोलॉजिस्ट Louis Pasteur की डेथ एनिवर्सिरी होती है. लुईस पाश्चर और उनकी टीम ने ही 1885 में पहली बार रेबीज के खिलाफ वैक्सीन विकसित की थी. 
आपको बता दें कि रेबीज बीमारी लायसावायरस से संक्रमित जानवरों के काटने के कारण इंसानों में पहुंचती है. जिसका मतलब है कि यह एक जूनोटिक बीमारी है. कुत्ते, बंदर और बिल्ली जैसे जानवर इसके मुख्य वाहक हैं.

वर्ल्ड रेबीज डे की हिस्ट्री क्या है? (World Rabies Day History)
वर्ल्ड रेबीज डे के जरिए वैश्विक स्वास्थ्य संस्थाएं इस बीमारी का हमारी जिंदगी पर प्रभाव और बचाव के तरीकों के बारे में जागरुकता फैलाती हैं. पहली बार यह दिवस 28 सितंबर 2007 को मनाया गया था. जिसके लिए विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन, सेंटर फोर डिजीज कंट्रोल एंड प्रिवेंशन व अमेरिका और एलायंस फोर रेबीज कंट्रोल ने एक साझा कार्यक्रम आयोजित किया था. अब इस दिवस का कॉर्डिनेशन ग्लोबल एलायंस फोर रेबीज कंट्रोल करता है.वर्ल्ड रेबीज डे 2021 की थीम (World Rabies Day 2021 Theme)

विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन के मुताबिक, विश्व रेबीज दिवस 2021 की थीम 'रेबीज: तथ्य, डर नहीं' (Rabies: Facts, not fear) रखी गई है. जिसका मकसद दुनियाभर को यह संदेश पहुंचाना है कि रेबीज की बीमारी से डरने की जरूरत नहीं है. बल्कि हमें तथ्यों के बारे में जागरुक होने की ज्यादा जरूरत है. सही कदम व बचाव के तरीके अपनाकर इस बीमारी से छुटकारा पाया जा सकता है.

Source:https://zeenews.india.com/hindi/health/history-and-significance-of-world-rabies-day-2021-know-here-samp/995707

World Rabies Day 2021: इस विशेष दिन की तिथि, महत्व, इतिहास और विषय के बारे में बहुत कुछ जानें

 

रेबीज की वजह से पूरी दुनिया में पिछले पांच साल में कोरोना से ज्यादा लोगों की जान गई है. इस संक्रामक बीमारी की जद में हर साल हजारों की संख्या में लोग आते हैं.

रेबीज और इसकी रोकथाम के बारे में जागरूकता बढ़ाने के लिए ‘विश्व रेबीज दिवस’ मनाया जाता है. इस दिन का उद्देश्य बीमारी के बारे में ज्ञान को बढ़ाना है और इसे कई देशों में मनाया जाता है. 28 सितंबर, प्रतिवर्ष ‘विश्व रेबीज दिवस’ के रूप में मनाया जाता है.

रेबीज एक जूनोटिक बीमारी है जो जानवरों से इंसानों में फैलती है. ये रेबीज वायरस की वजह से होता है जो रबडोविरिडे परिवार के लिसावायरस जींस से पैदा होता है. डब्ल्यूएचओ के मुताबिक, भारत में हर साल तकरीबन 20,000 रेबीज से मौतें होती हैं. रेबीज ने पिछले पांच वर्षों में भारत में COVID-19 से ज्यादा लोगों की जान ली है. एक विशेष दिन पर, वैश्विक रेबीज समुदाय दूसरों के बीच इस संक्रामक बीमारी को सूचित करने और उससे निपटने में मदद करता है.

विश्व रेबीज दिवस 2021: इतिहास

पहली बार विश्व रेबीज दिवस 28 सितंबर 2007 को मनाया गया था. ये आयोजन एलायंस फॉर रेबीज कंट्रोल और सेंटर फॉर डिजीज कंट्रोल एंड प्रिवेंशन, यूएसए के बीच एक सहयोग था, विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन (डब्ल्यूएचओ) के साथ मिलकर. दुनिया में रेबीज के प्रतिकूल प्रभाव से पीड़ित होने के बाद दोनों संगठनों ने इस दिन की शुरुआत की.

विश्व रेबीज दिवस 2021: महत्व

‘विश्व रेबीज दिवस’ दुनिया के लिए बीमारी के लोगों में आतंक को स्वीकार करने के लिए एक महत्वपूर्ण दिन है. रेबीज सभी स्तनधारियों और विशेष रूप से जंगली जानवरों के जरिए कॉन्ट्रैक्ट होता है. लुई पाश्चर की पुण्यतिथि की वजह से 28 सितंबर मेडिकल इतिहास में एक महत्वपूर्ण तारीख है.

ये दिन रेबीज जैसी प्रतिकूल स्थिति से निपटने के लिए जानवरों की बेहतर देखभाल और कम ज्ञान फैलाने पर केंद्रित है. इसका उद्देश्य वर्ष 2030 तक इस बीमारी की घटना को खत्म करना है.

दुनिया भर के स्वास्थ्य संगठनों ने इस दिन को रेबीज के टीकाकरण शिविरों पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने और बीमारी को रोकने के लिए लोगों की सामूहिक भागीदारी पर ध्यान केंद्रित करने के लिए चुना है. ये दिन हेल्थ फर्म्स और वेट्रीनरी ग्रुप्स, क्विज, निबंध प्रतियोगिताओं और दूसरे जागरूकता अभियानों के जरिए कैंपेन मैराथन रन के जरिए मनाया जाता है.

विश्व रेबीज दिवस 2021:थीम

‘विश्व रेबीज दिवस’ के लिए इस वर्ष का विषय है: “रेबीज: तथ्य, डर नहीं” लोगों से डर को खत्म करने और उन्हें तथ्यों के साथ सशक्त बनाने पर आधारित है. इस वर्ष की थीम रेबीज के बारे में तथ्यों को साझा करने पर केंद्रित है, न कि बीमारी के बारे में डर फैलाने पर. गलत सूचनाओं और मिथकों पर भरोसा करके. पिछले साल थीम “एंड रेबीज: कोलाबोरेट, वैक्सीनेट” थी और 2019 के लिए थीम “रेबीज: वैक्सीनेट टू एलिमिनेशन” थी, जिसके बाद 2018 की थीम थी “रेबीज: संदेश साझा करें, एक जीवन बचाएं” 

Source:https://www.tv9hindi.com/health/world-rabies-day-2021-know-more-about-the-date-significance-history-and-theme-of-this-special-day-how-843142.html

Remembering Dr. S. R. Ranganathan (Father of Library Science) on his death anniversary

 

https://kvnepalibrary.wordpress.com/2020/10/13/remembering-dr-s-r-ranganathan-father-of-library-science-on-his-death-anniversary/

World Rose Day 2021: History, Quotes, Wishes, Messages to share with cancer patients

World Rose Day 2021: It is observed on 22 September and holds special significance for cancer patients. The day also spread awareness about cancer among people as early detection cures several types of cancer. Let us have a look at the history of World Rose Day, some quotes and messages to share, and the significance of the day.

World Rose Day 2021: The day is dedicated to the welfare of cancer patients. It reminds patients and caregivers that they are not alone in this battle against the deadly disease. Treatment of Cancer not only affects the body but also the mind. Patients feel changes in the body with the treatment and at the same time mental trauma or pave deep psychological impact. Therefore, it is important to keep the patients cheerful and so every day should be celebrated as 'Rose Day'. World Rose Day is observed on 22 September to bring happiness to the lives of cancer patients. Therefore, the day is also observed to make aware cancer patients that they can face the disease with strong willpower and spirit. On this day, hand-made roses, cards, and gifts are offered to cancer patients. World Rose Day 2021: History The day is observed in the memory of a 12-year old girl Melinda Rose. She was from Canada and was diagnosed with Askin's Tumour which is a rare form of blood cancer. After the diagnosis, the doctors had given her just weeks but due to her willpower and never giving hope of defeating cancer, she went on to live for six months. Being 12 years old she, set an example. In the remaining six months of her life, she made each day meaningful, touched the lives of several people in a positive and unforgettable way. She also wrote verses, little notes, and e-mails to cancer patients and gave hope. World Rose Day is also dedicated to various cancer patients who fought the disease bravely and provide hope. Therefore, it is important to take time out and spend with cancer patients. Rose is a symbol of love, tenderness, and care. On World Rose Day, a Rose flower is given to cancer patients to tell them that we care for them. About Cancer It can start at any place in the body. It starts when cells grow out of control and crowd out normal cells and make it difficult for the body to work the way it could. For various people, cancer can be treated very well. It has been seen that several people than ever before lead full lives after cancer treatment. Let us tell you that cancer is not just one disease. There are various types of cancer. It can start in the lungs, the breast, the colon, or even in the blood. In some ways, cancer is alike but they are different in the ways they grow and spread. World Rose Day 2021: Quotes 1. "Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart." - Steve Jobs 2. "The wish for healing has always been half of health." - Lucius Annaeus Seneca 3. "If you don't like something, change it. If you can't change it, change your attitude." - Maya Angelou 4. "Cancer changes your life, often for the better. You learn what's important, you learn to prioritize, and you learn not to waste your time. You tell people you love them." - Joel Siegel 5. "The only way to make sense of change is to plunge into it. flow with it . . .and join the dance." - Alan Watts 6. "When you have exhausted all possibilities, remember this: You haven't." - Thomas Edison. 7. "You beat cancer by how you live, why you live, and in the manner in which you live. Live your life by your own terms, not cancer's." - Stuart Scott 8. "Don't let pain define you, let it refine you." - Tim Fargo 9. "You have to figure out your own way to deal with this diagnosis. You learn about yourself, what you are made of. This can be extraordinary and you want to share this, help others who go through the same thing." - 2012 Cancer Survivors Day attendee 10. "Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any other one thing." - Abraham Lincoln World Rose Day 2021: Messages and Wishes 1. Cancer may have started the fight but you are the one who has to finish it. On the eve of Rose Day, I hope you come out as triumphant. 2. Cancer is nothing short of a long marathon, sometimes you will need nourishment but in the end, you have to go on and finish the race. I hope you have a great Rose Day. 3. The motto is simple; never back down from a fight. On this Rose Day, best wishes to all the fighters and survivors of this world. 4. Smiling is the best way to let everyone know you are getting stronger than the previous day. Wish you a heartfelt Rose Day. 5. In these challenging times, you can be somebody’s hope and inspiration to live freely and happily. Wishing all the somebody a very blessed Rose Day. 6. Smile has the power to shatter the sadness from your heart. Hope to see you smiling on a daily basis. Have a Great Rose day. 7. When the night comes turn all your worries to God, even he needs a sleepless night once in a while. Have a spiritual Rose Day. 8. Time is shortening, but every day when the sun shines on you and you are able to feel it, I believe that is a victory for you. Have an amazing Rose day and a very beautiful life ahead of you. 9. No one in this world is guaranteed a greater TOMORROW. So, the only thing we can do is make the best out of TODAY. Wish you a beautiful Rose Day. 10. Cancer can affect many things in life, but it cannot cripple the love you have in your heart. Wishing you a wonderful Rose day. SOURCE:https://www.jagranjosh.com/general-knowledge/world-rose-day-1600751440-1

WORLD ROSE DAY 2021: HISTORY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE WELFARE OF CANCER PATIENTS 1-MIN READ World Rose Day 2021: History and Significance of the Welfare of Cancer Patients

The day is also observed as a day to promote awareness about early identification and prevention, which can not only cure but also save many malignancies. (Representational image: Shutterstock) World Rose Day is observed all over the world to honour the same bravery and to provide hope to people suffering from the dreadful cancer disease Giving someone hope to live can be the greatest part of life. World Rose Day, celebrated on September 22, is a ray of hope for cancer patients all around the world who are facing the big ‘C.’ An arduous and prolonged struggle awaits those who choose to fight cancer. Aside from the physiological implications, cancer causes stress, psychological impact, and anguish. Fighting the disease may be emotionally exhausting, and sufferers require a lot of bravery and positivity to keep going through the difficult times, even from those who support them. This day is observed all over the world to honour the same bravery and to provide hope to people suffering from the dreadful cancer disease. It is also observed as a day to promote awareness about early identification and prevention, which can not only cure but also save many malignancies. World Rose Day is marked in remembrance of Melinda Rose, a 12-year-old Canadian girl who was diagnosed with Askin’s Tumour, an unusual type of blood cancer. Many people’s lives were touched by Rose’s short existence. She did not give up hope of survival till her dying breath. In the six months of her life, she fought on and made each day count by positively impacting the lives of people around her. Rose penned poetry, letters, and emails for the cancer warriors around her because the cancer treatment can be so devastating and painful. Her only goal was to keep the hospital where she was hospitalised throughout her journey bright and pleasant. Her life’s mission is said to have become this. As a result, World Rose Day was named after her to commemorate her brave journey after she died. People continue her memory by sending roses to cancer patients and caregivers to convey their love and support in the face of this brutal disease. It’s also a tribute to the difficult journey they took. People also give cards and thoughtful gifts to patients. Special awareness efforts are also conducted by healthcare facilities and survivors. SOURCE:https://www.news18.com/news/lifestyle/world-rose-day-2021-history-and-significance-of-the-welfare-of-cancer-patients-4229351.html

International Day Of Peace 2021: Why This Day Is Celebrated?

International Day Of Peace 2021: Why This Day Is Celebrated? International Day of Peace: This year's theme is "recovering better for an equitable and sustainable world" International Day Of Peace 2021: Why This Day Is Celebrated? 2021 International Day of Peace: This day reminds people to think about universal peace New Delhi: Giving peace a chance is the main focus on the International Day of Peace or World Peace Day, which is observed every year on September 21. This day seeks to remind people of all races and all nations to think about universal peace. The UN in 1981 first named the third Tuesday of September as International Day of Peace. This day was also when the UN General Assembly held its opening sessions. The date to celebrate International Day of Peace was eventually changed to September 21 starting 2002. On this day, the aim is to observe a ceasefire for 24 hours in all areas across all nations where fighting is going on. This year's theme is "recovering better for an equitable and sustainable world". "In 2021, as we heal from the COVID-19 pandemic, we are inspired to think creatively and collectively about how to help everyone recover better, how to build resilience, and how to transform our world into one that is more equal, more just, equitable, inclusive, sustainable, and healthier," the UN says on its website International Day Of Peace 2021: Why This Day Is Celebrated? 2021 International Day of Peace: This day reminds people to think about universal peace New Delhi: Giving peace a chance is the main focus on the International Day of Peace or World Peace Day, which is observed every year on September 21. This day seeks to remind people of all races and all nations to think about universal peace. The UN in 1981 first named the third Tuesday of September as International Day of Peace. This day was also when the UN General Assembly held its opening sessions. The date to celebrate International Day of Peace was eventually changed to September 21 starting 2002. On this day, the aim is to observe a ceasefire for 24 hours in all areas across all nations where fighting is going on. This year's theme is "recovering better for an equitable and sustainable world". "In 2021, as we heal from the COVID-19 pandemic, we are inspired to think creatively and collectively about how to help everyone recover better, how to build resilience, and how to transform our world into one that is more equal, more just, equitable, inclusive, sustainable, and healthier," the UN says on its website. PromotedListen to the latest songs, only on JioSaavn.com "The pandemic is known for hitting the underprivileged and marginalized groups the hardest. By April 2021, over 687 million COVID-19 vaccine doses have been administered globally, but over 100 countries have not received a single dose. People caught in conflict are especially vulnerable in terms of lack of access to healthcare," the UN says. Comments "The pandemic has been accompanied by a surge in stigma, discrimination, and hatred, which only cost more lives instead of saving them: the virus attacks all without caring about where we are from or what we believe in. Confronting this common enemy of humankind, we must be reminded that we are not each other's enemy. To be able to recover from the devastation of the pandemic, we must make peace with one another," the UN says. SOURCE:https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/international-day-of-peace-2021-why-this-day-is-celebrated-2547766

CBSE: Preparing for change

In view of the pandemic situation, the CBSE (Central Board of Secondary Education) has decided to have a special assessment scheme for Class 10 and 12 boards in the 2021-22 academic session. For the first time, Class 10 and 12 students will have board exams in two terms--one in November-December and another in March-April--and each term will cover 50 per cent of the syllabus. The scheme implements a rationalised syllabus to help learners meet learning objectives less stressfully. "In a way, it will democratise exams by helping economically weaker students and those living in far-flung areas to compete with students from the rest of the country. Recently, case-based, assertion-reason and multiple-choice questions have been incorporated, which places more emphasis on the understanding of core concepts," says Anand Prakash, co-founder and head of academics, Vedantu. New system, multiple choices Exams in two terms with no overlap in syllabuses and equal weightage of both terms will reduce the burden on students and give them multiple opportunities to improve their performance. Adds Prakash, "The interconnectivity of several concepts or chapters will be taken into account. Having MCQs (multiple choice questions) would require our students to have a more objective understanding of concepts. This would enhance the overall cognitive skills of the students." According to Silpi Sahoo, chairperson, SAI International Education Group, "The new assessment system is comprehensive and a competency-based assessment with a rationalised syllabus." The syllabus carved out for the CBSE board exams will enhance conceptual learning and the MCQs will be concept-based where students will need to have clarity over basic fundamental concepts. The right answer In another first, the responses will be recorded on OMR (optical mark recognition) sheets. "OMR is a method of acknowledging marks made by pen or pencil over a defined place on a paper. The data is read from a sheet with the help of an OMR reader," explains Sahoo. This technology is useful for applications in which large numbers of hand-filled forms need to be processed quickly and with greater accuracy. Responses on OMR sheets are entirely objective as opposed to subjective explanations of concepts, which has been the norm so far. Subjective answers are often graded qualitatively based on what kind of explanation an individual examiner might prefer. Says Prakash, "In the case of objective questions, as long as the answer is correct, the student will get full marks. It's kind of a binary method of grading." With this, there could be an increase in the average marks of students, considering that some students score less because of poor presentation and not poor conceptual knowledge. The new assessment system is apt in the current scenario and the advantage is that it can be conducted both online (using Google Forms) and offline (using OMR sheets), says Mathura K., principal, Orchids--The International School. "The advantage of OMR is that answer sheets can be corrected in a fraction of time without any errors assuming that the student does not commit any error while bubbling the numbers. The advantage of MCQ can be reaped by the rural students who are not exposed to OMR usage and where scanner facilities are not available," she says. Corroborates Prakash, "In the case of MCQs, the four options of a question are represented by four circles, out of which the student fills in one circle completely, whichever they think is the correct answer. The rest of the circles are untouched." This sheet is then scanned by a computer and it detects the coloured circle as the answer marked by the student. Marking is done depending on whether the student has coloured/filled in the correct circle. Will it work? Students who have been giving exams such as Olympiad and others will not face much of a challenge, says Sahoo. But 37 per cent of the students are from rural areas who have not been able to go to school during the pandemic or study online, so they could have problems understanding the OMR method. They will need diligent practice before they appear for term exams. OMR might be the best considering that time is precious and human errors can be avoided and no biased corrections can happen. Points out Mathura, "The disadvantage of MCQ-based exams is that the student has to be fully correct to get 1 mark for an answer. There are no ‘step marks’ which are an important factor in any descriptive paper. The advantage is the student can get an answer right just by luck as there is no negative marking anyway." The new system of assessment and method of writing exams comes with pros and cons. On the bright side, it will be more inclusive and students with poor presentation skills don’t need to be intimidated and will bring objectivity so that students won’t be judged with the length of the answer or mood of the examiner. Says Prakash, "It harmonises itself with competitive examinations as they happen purely in MCQ (with some numeric too in JEE) and faster delivery of results as students are already suffering from Covid-19 induced delays in results and admissions." On the flip side, it doesn't reward students for clarity of thought (required in writing subjective answers) and presentation skills. And students who are purely school exam-oriented will find it difficult to adapt to objective questions. "The descriptive answers could fetch some marks for those who are not sure of the answers but in the case of MCQs, there are definite answers. The chances for guess work are negligible and students who are not sure of answers could lose out on marks," explains Sahoo. Also, there will be less time for the second term; the exams have been divided into semesters and children will get less time to practice for subjective type questions. OMR sheets and MCQs could be the new norm going forward as there will be universalisation of the exam pattern, be it competitive or regular board exams. SOURCE:https://www.indiatoday.in/india-today-insight/story/cbse-preparing-for-change-1854609-2021-09-19

Top 5 Skills Needed for Childhood Literacy

Literacy skills are all the skills needed for reading and writing. They include such things as awareness of the sounds of language, awareness of print, and the relationship between letters and sounds. Other literacy skills include vocabulary, spelling, and comprehension. Here are some simple definitions of some of the skills contained within the larger concept of literacy. Phonemic Awareness Phonemic awareness (awareness of sounds) is the ability to hear and play with the individual sounds of language, to create new words using those sounds in different ways. This usually occurs within the natural course of a child's development. Not to get too technical, but it's interesting to break down the parts of the language, most of which we learn intuitively by hearing our parents and others around us. It's worth noting that words are made up of various sounds besides just consonants and vowels, including: Digraphs: Two letters which form a single sound, such as the "ea" in "bread" or the "ng" in "song." Onsets: The part of a syllable just before the vowel of that syllable. In the word "cat" the onset is the /c/ sound. Rimes: A syllable's vowel and the sound immediately after. In "cat," the rime is the /at/ sound. A phoneme is the smallest sound segment in spoken language that has a meaning. In the word “cat,” there are three phonemes, /c/ /a/ /t/. As your child begins to play with small pieces of a word, it indicates they have some phonemic awareness. This is why rhyming stories such as Dr. Seuss are great picks to read to children, even if they can't yet read themselves, to get them familiar with the different ways sounds can be rearranged. Awareness of Print Parents can encourage print awareness by exposing children to books and other reading materials from a very young age. Most print awareness begins in the home and the child's everyday environment. Reading to children is crucial in order to foster this awareness and to introduce them to the letters of the alphabet.1 Children also pick up print awareness from environmental print, such words found on road signs, cereal boxes, and the like. It's important for children to have at least some print awareness before entering first grade to ensure they don't struggle when learning to read. Vocabulary Children learning to read (and most people) typically have two kinds of vocabulary, which is the collection of all the words a person knows and uses in conversation. An active vocabulary includes words a person uses regularly in speech and writing. Words in the active vocabulary are those which a person can define and use in context. The words in a passive vocabulary are those which a person knows, but whose meaning he may have interpreted through context and use by others. Spelling Spelling is simply defined as the arrangement of letters to make a word. The way words are spelled and understanding concepts behind irregular spellings help children learn to read earlier, particularly if they're encountering new words. Reading Comprehension If a child can read and understand the meaning of something he reads, he's said to have reading comprehension. More than just being able to read the words, reading comprehension includes the ability to draw inferences and identify patterns and clues in a text. For instance, if a child is reading about a person who decides to carry an umbrella, the child can infer that the person is expecting rain, or that rain may factor into the story somehow. A Word From Verywell How early a child develops literacy can vary and can be affected by factors such as learning disabilities, vision, hearing, or speech impediments. It's important to watch for signs that your child isn't grasping some of the basic concepts above, in order to be sure they get whatever help they may need to thrive. Source:https://www.verywellfamily.com/literacy-skills-1449194

The importance of literacy, reading, and writing in modern society

In order to succeed in modern life, your career, and improve your quality of life, it is vital to have good literacy skills. It is more than just being able to read, but rather how you use written information to function in modern society. We can all agree that being able to read and write effect our daily live in so many ways. It has an impact on the way we think, career progress and earning potential, and helps us to fit into our environment and social circles. Literacy is helps us to communicate through reading and there is even a literacy day set aside by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Unesco) to help promote the importance of literacy. Being able to communicate, read and write is a priority and the ultimate investment we can make for our future. The goal of Unesco and literacy day is to one promote literacy such that one day every child will have the ability to read and in turn be able to use these skills to gain independence and autonomy. Individual with good literacy skills are far more likely to find good paying job, earn a decent salary, and have access to training opportunities. On the other hand, individual with weak literacy skills are more likely to find themselves unemployed, and if they are employed, it probable that the jobs are low paying, offer poor hours or working conditions. Research done by Unesco Institute for Statistics show that there are roughly 774 million adults who cannot read or write of which almost 60% are women. Unesco Institute for Statistics estimates that some 123-million youths are illiterate and that only 87% of females have basic literacy skills compared to 92% of males. Statistics for South Africa estimate that roughly 8.5 million adults are illiterate according to Unesco. Local research done in South Africa estimate that about 4 million people have never attended school. Even with these bleak statistics, the number of students graduating from universities is growing year by year. literacy skills 2 There is no doubt that literacy is a fundamental tool to achieve success and further career opportunities and, on a whole, improve the quality of life individual and communities they live in. Having the skills to communicate, read, and write is vital for social and economic development. It allows individuals to expand their knowledge and understanding of society. Literacy is not simply the ability to read and write, but rather the ability to use these skills and communicate effectively. In modern society and our globalized world, literacy is far more diverse that simply reading a book and understanding what we have read. Digital literacy, for example, is the ability to understand and use information across multiple formats from computers to the internet and cellphones. Media literacy is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms. Cultural literacy is the ability to understand and appreciate other cultures. It requires a person to examine and understand the different beliefs, values and traditions of others. Having a population with high literacy skills also helps a country as a whole and improved the ability of a nation to tackle different social challenges it faces. Countries with strong literacy skills generally have a better standard of health and outcomes for individuals. Highly literate populations and communities are in a far better position to deal governance in a highly diverse society. Literacy is a fundamental human right and the basis for any individual’s ability to learn. It is essential for social and human development and provides individual the skills and empowers them to transform their lives, in turn, an improved standard of health and ability to earn a higher income.

International Literacy Day 2021: Narrowing the digital divide & ensuring development

Every year, countries across the globe celebrate September 8 as International Literacy Day. International Literacy DayInternational Literacy Day (Representative Image). | Photo Credit: iStock ImagesKEY HIGHLIGHTSThe world celebrates International Literacy Day on September 8 every yearThe day advocates the importance of literacy and creates awareness about the same New Delhi: Every year, the world celebrates International Literacy Day on September 8. The day intends to create awareness about the importance of literacy and the role it plays in the development of society. This year, International Literacy Day is stressing on learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the UN, the pandemic affected around 773 million non-literate young people and adults across the globe. The outbreak, that started in December 2019, has augmented the inequality in access to meaningful literacy learning opportunities. While on one side, governments of several countries failed to come up with a strategic approach for adult and youth learning, curtains were pulled on several literacy programmes amid the coronavirus outbreak. Source:https://www.timesnownews.com/mirror-now/in-focus/article/international-literacy-day-2021-narrowing-the-digital-divide-ensuring-development/809066

International Literacy Day 2021: Relevance of September 8 and why it is observed as literacy day across the world

International Literacy Day (ILD) 2021 will explore how literacy can contribute to building a solid foundation for a human-centred recovery, with a special focus on the interplay of literacy and digital skills required by non-literate youth and adults, said UNESCO. International Literacy Day 2021: September 8 was proclaimed International Literacy Day by UNESCO in 1966 to remind the international community of the importance of literacy for individuals, communities and societies, and the need for intensified efforts towards more literate societies. For International Literacy Day 2021, UNESCO said, “International Literacy Day (ILD) 2021 will explore how literacy can contribute to building a solid foundation for a human-centered recovery, with a special focus on the interplay of literacy and digital skills required by non-literate youth and adults. It will also explore what makes technology-enabled literacy learning inclusive and meaningful to leave no one behind. By doing so, ILD2021 will be an opportunity to reimagine future literacy teaching and learning, within and beyond the context of the pandemic.” The first International Literacy Day was celebrated in 1967 and this tradition has been held annually for more than 50 years now. “The need for the real emancipation of people and for the increasingly active and productive participation, in the economic, social and political life of human society, of the hundreds of millions of illiterate adults still existing in the world, make it essential to change national education policies,” the final report of the 1966 conference stated. Literacy goals are a key part of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The SDG agenda contains 17 goals and 169 targets, adopted in 2015 to build on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which were adopted in 2000. The SDGs are meant to be achieved by 2030, and the UN Resolution of which they are a part is called “The 2030 Agenda”. In India, as per the last census in 2011, a total of 74.04 per cent are literate, an increase of 9.2 per cent from the last decade (2001-11). The country will take another 50 years to achieve universal literacy, which is 2060, as per UNESCO. Source:https://indianexpress.com/article/education/unesco-international-literacy-day-2021-relevance-of-september-8-and-why-it-is-observed-as-literacy-day-across-the-world-7494641/

Shikshak Parv 2021 | PM @narendramodi to address teachers and students today

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